简述：Redis是一个key-value存储系统。和Memcached类似，它支持存储的value类型相对更多，包括string(字符串)、list(链表)、set(集合)和zset(有序集合)。这些数据类型都支持push/pop、add/remove及取交集并集和差集及更丰富的操作，而且这些操作都是原子性的。在此基础上，redis支持各种不同方式的排序。与memcached一样，为了保证效率，数据都是缓存在内存中。区别的是redis会周期性的把更新的数据写入磁盘或者把修改操作写入追加的记录文件，并且在此基础上实现了master-slave(主从)同步。
环境：CentOS 5.5 x64
下载安装：
- cd /root/tools wget http://redis.googlecode.com/files/redis-2.4.2.tar.gz
- tar zxvf redis-2.4.2.tar.gz cd redis-2.4.2
- make && make install cp redis.conf /etc/
- cd
- vi /etc/redis.conf
- daemonize yes pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
- port 6379
- #bind 127.0.0.1 timeout 600
- loglevel notice logfile /elain/logs/redis/redis.log
- databases 16
- save 900 1
- save 300 10 save 60 10000
- rdbcompression yes
- dbfilename dump.rdb
- dir /elain/data/redis/
- # maxclients 128
- appendonly yes appendfilename appendonly.aof
- # appendfsync always
- appendfsync everysec # appendfsync no
- requirepass elain
- no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
- auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
- slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
- slowlog-max-len 1024
- really-use-vm yes
- vm-enabled yes vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap
- vm-max-memory 0 vm-page-size 32
- vm-pages 134217728 vm-max-threads 4
- hash-max-zipmap-entries 512
- hash-max-zipmap-value 64
- list-max-ziplist-entries 512 list-max-ziplist-value 64
- set-max-intset-entries 512
- zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
- zset-max-ziplist-value 64
- activerehashing yes
- # include /path/to/local.conf # include /path/to/other.conf
启动：
- redis-server /etc/redis.conf
开机加自启动：
- echo "redis-server /etc/redis.conf" >>/etc/rc.local
测试：
- [root@md03 ~]# redis-cli -a elain redis 127.0.0.1:6379> set elain 123456
- OK redis 127.0.0.1:6379> get elain
- "123456"
查看状态信息：
- [root@md04 ~]# redis-cli info redis_version:2.4.2
- redis_git_sha1:00000000 redis_git_dirty:0
- arch_bits:64 multiplexing_api:epoll
- process_id:2204 uptime_in_seconds:25
- uptime_in_days:0 lru_clock:2013834
- used_cpu_sys:0.00 used_cpu_user:0.00
- used_cpu_sys_children:0.00 used_cpu_user_children:0.00
- connected_clients:1 connected_slaves:0
- client_longest_output_list:0 client_biggest_input_buf:0
- blocked_clients:0 used_memory:17505392
- used_memory_human:16.69M used_memory_rss:1617920
- used_memory_peak:17496792 used_memory_peak_human:16.69M
- mem_fragmentation_ratio:0.09 mem_allocator:jemalloc-2.2.1
- loading:0 aof_enabled:1
- changes_since_last_save:5 bgsave_in_progress:0
- last_save_time:1320372561 bgrewriteaof_in_progress:0
- total_connections_received:1 total_commands_processed:0
- expired_keys:0 evicted_keys:0
- keyspace_hits:2 keyspace_misses:8
- pubsub_channels:0 pubsub_patterns:0
- latest_fork_usec:0 vm_enabled:1
- role:master aof_current_size:237
- aof_base_size:237 aof_pending_rewrite:0
- vm_conf_max_memory:0 vm_conf_page_size:32
- vm_conf_pages:134217728 vm_stats_used_pages:3
- vm_stats_swapped_objects:3 vm_stats_swappin_count:0
- vm_stats_swappout_count:3 vm_stats_io_newjobs_len:0
- vm_stats_io_processing_len:0 vm_stats_io_processed_len:0
- vm_stats_io_active_threads:0 vm_stats_blocked_clients:0
- db0:keys=4,expires=0
主从同步配置：
只需把/etc/redis.conf 复制到 从机上,主、从机上把127.0.0.1 IP 改成本机ip，然后在从机上的redis.conf 里添加以下几行，重启即可：
- slave-serve-stale-data yes slaveof 主服务器IP 6379
- masterauth <master-password>
注：以上主从配置做了密码验证，也可不做验证，不用加masterauth 选项
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